Ukuqonda ukuchithwa: indlela yokugwema?
I-Liquidation ekuhwebeni kwe-cryptocurrency kusho ukuvalwa okuphoqelelwe kwesikhundla lapho umkhawulo womthengisi uba akwanele ukugcina ukuhweba okuvulekile. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho intengo yempahla ihamba ngendlela engathandeki, futhi ibhalansi ayihlanganisi ukulahlekelwa. Ukuze ugweme ukuchithwa, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinto eziningana: ukugcina izinga elanele le-margin, ukubeka ukulahlekelwa kokumisa, ukuhlukanisa iphothifoliyo, nokuqapha njalo imakethe. Okuhlangenwe nakho nokunakwa kwezingozi kungasiza ukunciphisa amathuba okuvalwa ngenkani kwezikhundla, ukuqinisekisa ukuhweba okuzinzile.
Yiziphi izibopho ze-cryptocurrency, futhi zingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuxhasa ngezimali?
Cryptocurrency ziyithuluzi lezezimali elisha elivumela ukukhulisa imali usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Ngokungafani nezibopho zendabuko ezikhishwe ohulumeni noma izinkampani zokuboleka izimali, izibopho ze-cryptocurrency zisekelwa yimpahla yedijithali, futhi ukukhishwa kwazo nokujikeleza kwenzeka ngezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile. Lezi zibopho zingasetshenziselwa ukuxhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene afana nokuqalisa, izinyathelo zengqalasizinda, noma ngisho nezinhlelo zikahulumeni. Izinzuzo zihlanganisa ukungafihli lutho, ukunciphisa imali, nokufinyelela ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izibopho ezinjalo zingaheha ukunakwa kwabatshalizimali ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwabo kanye nenzuzo ephezulu engaba khona.
Yiziphi izinto ezivela ku-cryptocurrency, futhi zisetshenziselwa kanjani ukuvikela ingozi?
Cryptocurrency derivatives kukhona amathuluzi zezimali ogama value incike cryptocurrencies eziyisisekelo, ezifana Bitcoin noma Ethereum. Bavumela abahwebi nabatshalizimali ukuba bazuze ekushintsheni kwentengo ngaphandle kokuba ngumnikazi we-cryptocurrencies ngokwabo. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-derivatives zihlanganisa ikusasa, izinketho, kanye nokushintshaniswa. Enye yenhloso eyinhloko yokusebenzisa ama-derivatives ukuvikela ingozi. Isibonelo, uma umtshalizimali esaba ukuthi intengo ye-cryptocurrency ingase yehle, bangangena kwinkontileka yesikhathi esizayo evumela ukuba bakhiye intengo yamanje futhi bagweme ukulahlekelwa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimakethe eziguquguqukayo kakhulu lapho ukuguquguquka kwentengo kungaba okubukhali futhi okungalindelekile. Ama-derivatives avula amathuba amasha okuphatha ingozi, kodwa futhi adinga ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokuhlaziywa okuphelele.
Yiziphi cryptocurrencies ephemeral, futhi kungani baba yingxenye yezwe elisha zezimali?
Ephemeral cryptocurrencies kukhona izimpahla digital ukuthi babe ukuphila elinganiselwe, wadala ngezinhloso ezithile, futhi ngokuvamile zinyamalale ngemva kokuqeda imisebenzi yabo. Lezi cryptocurrencies zingasetshenziswa emikhankasweni yokumaketha, imicimbi, noma ukuqhuba izivivinyo ngobuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Ukudlula nokuguquguquka kwabo kubenza bakhange kubathuthukisi ababheke ukuhlola izindlela ezintsha noma ukukhuthaza amaphrojekthi. Ngentshisekelo ekhulayo ye-cryptocurrencies ne-blockchain, izimpahla ezinjalo ziba yingxenye ebalulekile ye-ecosystem yezezimali. Ama-cryptocurrencies e-Ephemeral avumela ukuheha ngokushesha ukunakwa kwezilaleli, ukuqhuba ukuthengiselana ngezindleko ezincane, nokuqinisekisa ukubonakala obala enqubweni yokushintshanisa. Lezi zici zibenza babe yinto ebalulekile yeqiniso elisha lezezimali, lapho ukuguquguquka nokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iyini i-Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) futhi ihlobene kanjani ne-cryptocurrency?
Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) iyindlela yemali yedijithali ekhishwe futhi igcinwe yibhange eliphakathi likazwelonke. Ngokungafani nama-cryptocurrencies afana ne-Bitcoin, ahlukanisiwe, ama-CBDC alawulwa ngumbuso futhi angasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zezezimali, ukusheshisa ukuthengiselana, nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezezimali. Naphezu kokufana nama-cryptocurrencies ngesimo sedijithali, ama-CBDC awanakho ukungaziwa futhi angaphansi komthetho kahulumeni. Izinzuzo ze-CBDCs zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kalula nokwethenjwa okwandisiwe, kodwa futhi ziphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nobumfihlo nokulawula okuphakathi.
Yiziphi i-Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO), futhi zihlobene kanjani ne-cryptocurrency?
I-Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) imele ifomu elisha lokubusa ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Ngokungafani nezinhlangano zendabuko, ama-DAO awanabo ubuholi obuphakathi noma isakhiwo sokuphatha. Zonke izinqumo zenziwa ngabahlanganyeli besebenzisa izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala nokuvikeleka kwezinqubo. Isici esibalulekile ukusetshenziswa kwe-cryptocurrency njengethuluzi lokuvota nokusebenzisana. Abanikazi bethokheni bangaphakamisa izinguquko, bavote kuzo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela bathonya ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlangano. Lokhu kuvula amathuba amasha okudala izinhlelo ezinobulungiswa futhi ezihlukanisiwe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, kusukela kwezezimali kuya kumaphrojekthi omphakathi.
Kuyini ukuhweba kwe-cryptocurrency nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani?
Cryptocurrency ukuhweba inqubo yokuthenga nokuthengisa ama-cryptocurrencies ukuzuza ekushintsheni kwenani labo. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zokuhweba, njengendawo, i-margin, kanye nokuhweba kwesikhathi esizayo. Abahwebi bahlaziya imakethe, basebenzisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe neziyisisekelo ukubikezela ukunyakaza kwentengo, futhi benze izinqumo ezisekelwe ekuhlaziyweni. Ukuze uhlanganyele ngempumelelo ekuhwebeni kwe-cryptocurrency, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingozi, ukuba namakhono okuhlaziya, nokuphatha imali ngempumelelo.
Iyini i-Bitcoin ETF futhi ithinta kanjani imakethe ye-cryptocurrency?
Bitcoin-ETF (Exchange-Traded Fund) iyithuluzi lokutshala imali elivumela abahwebi nabatshalizimali ukuthi bathenge i-Bitcoin ngokusebenzisa izimakethe zamasheya zendabuko, ukudlula isidingo sokuthenga i-cryptocurrency ngqo. I-Bitcoin ETF ibonisa inani le-cryptocurrency ngokwayo, eyenza ukutshalwa kwezimali okunenzuzo ngaphandle kokubhekana nezindaba ezihlobene nesitoreji noma ukuphepha. Umthelela we-Bitcoin ETFs emakethe ye-cryptocurrency ubalulekile. Kusiza ukufinyelela empahleni yedijithali yohlu olubanzi lwabatshalizimali, kufaka phakathi abadlali bezikhungo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwandeni kwe-liquidity nokukhuphuka kwamanani e-Bitcoin. Ngokulandelayo, izinguquko ezinjalo zingathuthukisa ukuzinza kwemakethe futhi zikhuthaze isimo esivuthiwe kakhulu se-ecosystem ye-crypto.
Kuyini ukubolekisa ku-cryptocurrencies futhi kusebenza kanjani?
Ukubolekisa ku-cryptocurrencies kuyinqubo yokuhlinzeka ngemalimboleko usebenzisa i-cryptocurrency. Abasebenzisi abaphethe izimpahla zedijithali bangababoleka abanye abahlanganyeli epulatifomu, athole inzalo yokusetshenziswa kwezimali zabo. Ngokungafani namabhange wendabuko, amapulatifomu e-crypto anikeza amanani aphezulu futhi futhi avumele ababolekisi ukuba bathole imali mboleko ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlinzeka ngempahla ebonakalayo. Ukuvikela womabili amaqembu, kusetshenziswa izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, ezilawula ngokuzenzakalelayo imigomo yesivumelwano, ukunciphisa izingozi.
Yiziphi ukuhwebelana okuhlukanisiwe futhi basebenza kanjani nge-cryptocurrencies?
Ukuhwebelana okuhlukanisiwe (DEX) ngamapulatifomu okuhweba nge-cryptocurrency angadingi ukubandakanyeka kwabaxhumanisi njengamabhange noma ukuhwebelana okuphakathi. Ngokungafani namapulatifomu wendabuko, ama-DEX asebenza ngokusekelwe ezinkontilekeni ezihlakaniphile futhi enze lula ukuhweba okuqondile phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Isici esiyinhloko salezi zinsizakalo ukuphepha nokungaziwa - konke ukuthengiselana kuqhutshwa nge-blockchain, ukuqeda ithuba lokuphazamiseka kweqembu lesithathu. Izinzuzo ze-DEXs zihlanganisa imali ephansi, ukulawula okukhulu kwempahla, nokuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni kokukhwabanisa, okwenza kube ekhangayo kubatshalizimali be-crypto. Kodwa-ke, zingase zibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukusebenzisa futhi azinikezi ngaso sonke isikhathi izinketho ezibanzi ze-liquidity njengokushintshaniswa okuphakathi.
Iyini i-ICO futhi zihlobene kanjani ne-cryptocurrencies?
ICO (Initial Coin Offering) inqubo yomnikelo wokuqala wethokheni, lapho ama-startups aphakamisa khona imali yamaphrojekthi abo. Ngokungafani nama-IPO wendabuko, lapho izinkampani zikhipha khona amasheya, ama-ICO asebenzisa amathokheni e-cryptocurrency athengiswa kubatshalizimali ngokushintshanisa izimpahla zedijithali ezaziwa kakhulu njenge-Bitcoin noma i-Ethereum. Lezi zimpawu zingasetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi noma zithengiswe ngisho nasekushintshanisweni kwe-cryptocurrency. AMA-ICO abe yithuluzi elibalulekile kwi-ecosystem ye-cryptocurrency, okuvumela amaphrojekthi ukuthi akhulise ngokushesha imali.
Yiziphi ukushintshaniswa kwe-athomu futhi zisebenza kanjani ku-cryptocurrencies?
Atomic swaps kukhona ubuchwepheshe evumela abasebenzisi ukushintshanisa cryptocurrencies ngqo ngaphandle abaxhumanisi. Lokhu kuthengiselana kwenzeka ngokusekelwe ezinkontilekeni ezihlakaniphile, eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintshaniswa kuzoqedwa kuphela uma zonke izimo zihlangabezana. Isibonelo, uma iqembu elilodwa lingafezi izibopho zabo, ukuthengiselana ngeke kwenzeke, futhi izimali zizohlala nabanikazi. Lokhu kunikeza izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokukhwabanisa. Ukushintshaniswa kwe-athomu kuvula amathuba amasha okuhwebelana okuhlukanisiwe, ukuthuthukisa uketshezi nokunciphisa imali yokuthengiselana.
Kungani i-cryptocurrency isiza ukulwa nenkohlakalo ezinhlelweni zezezimali?
Cryptocurrencies idlala indima ebalulekile ekulweni nenkohlakalo ezinhlelweni zezezimali zomhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe be-blockchain, ukuthengiselana ngakunye kuba sobala futhi kutholakale ukuqinisekiswa. Lokhu kuqeda ithuba lamadili afihliwe kanye nokuphathwa. Imvelo ehlukanisiwe ye-cryptocurrencies ivumela ukudlula izikhungo zezezimali zendabuko, ezingase zihlaselwe izikimu zenkohlakalo. Abahlanganyeli emakethe ye-crypto basebenzisana ngqo, okunciphisa ithonya labaxhumanisi futhi kunciphise izingozi zokuphathwa kwemali. Ukwethulwa kwe-cryptocurrencies njengenye indlela yezimali zendabuko kunomthelela ekudalweni kwendawo yezezimali eqotho futhi evulekile.
Iyini i-blockchain futhi isebenza kanjani nge-cryptocurrency?
I-Blockchain iyi-database esatshalaliswayo evumela ukugcina ulwazi mayelana nokuthengiselana kuketango lwamabhulokhi. Ibhlokhi ngalinye liqukethe idatha mayelana nokudluliselwa ukuthi, uma sekuqinisekisiwe, ngeke kushintshwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokubonakala kwezinqubo, okubaluleke kakhulu ku-cryptocurrencies. Lapho umsebenzisi ethumela i-cryptocurrency, ukuthengiselana kubhalwe ku-blockchain, futhi akukwazi ukwakhiwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-cryptography. Isici esibalulekile ukuguqulwa kwamandla, lapho kungekho khona inhlangano eyodwa ebusayo, futhi inethiwekhi igcinwa ngabahlanganyeli abaningi emhlabeni wonke.
Yiziphi izikhwama ze-multicurrency futhi kungani zidingeka?
Izikhwama ze-Multicurrency ngamathuluzi alula okugcina ama-cryptocurrencies amaningi endaweni eyodwa. Bavumela abasebenzisi ukuphatha izimpahla ezihlukahlukene, njenge-Bitcoin, i-Ethereum, namanye ama-altcoins, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokudala izikhwama ezihlukile zemali ngayinye. Lokhu kwenza lula inqubo yokuthengiselana futhi kwenza kube lula kakhulu, njengoba zonke izimali zingalawulwa ngokusebenzisa ipulatifomu eyodwa. Izikhwama ezinjalo ziba wusizo ikakhulukazi kulabo abatshala imali ngenkuthalo kuma-cryptocurrencies ahlukene futhi bafuna ukunciphisa izingozi ezihambisana nokulahlekelwa ukufinyelela esikhwameni.
I-cryptocurrency isiza kanjani ukugwema ama-monopolies emakethe yezezimali?
Ama-Cryptocurrencies adala i-paradigm entsha emhlabeni wezezimali, ukuhlinzeka ngamathuba okunikezelwa kwamandla kanye nokuqedwa kwe-monopolies. Izinhlelo zezezimali zendabuko zivame ukulawulwa kwamabhange amakhulu nezakhiwo zikahulumeni, okunciphisa ukuncintisana nenkululeko yokuzikhethela kubasebenzisi. Ama-Cryptocurrencies, asekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-blockchain, aqeda abaxhumanisi futhi enze wonke umuntu akwazi ukubamba iqhaza emnothweni womhlaba wonke. Lokhu kunomthelela ekubonakaleni okukhulu, kunciphisa izindleko zokuthengiselana, futhi kunikeza ukufinyelela kumathuluzi ezezimali kubantu abangafinyeleleki emabhange wendabuko. Ngakho-ke, ama-Cryptocurrencies, awavikeli kuphela ama-monopolies kodwa futhi avuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha emkhakheni wezezimali.
Kuyini ukushintshaniswa kwe-cryptocurrency futhi kusiza kanjani ukuhweba izimpahla zedijithali?
Ukushintshaniswa kwe-cryptocurrency kuyipulatifomu ye-intanethi lapho abasebenzisi bengathenga khona, bathengise, futhi bathengise izimali zedijithali ezifana ne-Bitcoin, Ethereum, nabanye abaningi. Isebenza njengomlamuli, inikeza uketshezi nokuvikeleka kokuthengiselana phakathi kwabahlanganyeli. Ukuhwebelana kunikeza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuhweba, kufaka phakathi ama-oda emakethe kanye nama-oda womkhawulo, okuvumela abahwebi ukuthi balungise kahle ukuhweba kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhwebelana kunikeza ukufinyelela amathokheni ahlukahlukene kanye namabhangqa e-cryptocurrency, ukudala izimo zokuhweba kahle komhlaba wonke.
Kuyini staking e cryptocurrency futhi isebenza kanjani?
I-Staking inqubo yokubamba i-cryptocurrency kuma-wallets akhethekile noma amapulatifomu ukusekela ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ye-blockchain. Ngokubuyisela, abasebenzisi bathola imivuzo ngendlela yezinhlamvu zemali ezintsha. Umgomo wokusebenza usekelwe ku-algorithm ye-Proof of Stake (PoS), lapho abahlanganyeli benethiwekhi "beqhwaza" amathokheni abo ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthengiselana nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Izinhlamvu zemali eziningi ezihilelekile ekuqineni, amathuba okuthola umvuzo aphezulu. Kuyindlela enenzuzo yokuthola imali engasebenzi, ukuheha kokubili abatshalizimali abanolwazi kanye nabasanda kufika esikhaleni se-crypto.
Iyini imfoloko enzima futhi ihluke kanjani emfoloko ethambile?
Imfoloko enzima kanye nemfoloko ethambile ngamagama amabili asemqoka emhlabeni we-blockchains abhekisela ezinguqukweni ku-protocol yenethiwekhi. Imfoloko enzima isho izinguquko ezibalulekile futhi ezingahambisani, ngemva kwalokho kwakhiwa ama-blockchain amabili ahlukene. Lokhu kungaholela ekudalweni kwe-blockchain entsha ngemithetho yayo, njengoba kwakunjalo nge-Bitcoin Cash. Ngokungafani nemfoloko enzima, imfoloko ethambile ayidingi ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi ngoba izinguquko ze-protocol zihambisana nezinguqulo zangaphambilini, okuvumela ukudalwa kwe-blockchain entsha ukuthi kugwenywe. Zombili izinhlobo zezimfoloko zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ama-cryptocurrencies nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi.
Kungani i-cryptocurrency iheha ukunakwa kwabalawuli bakahulumeni?
I-Cryptocurrency iyaqhubeka nokuba sematheni kokubili abatshalizimali kanye neziphathimandla zikahulumeni. Isizathu esiyinhloko umthelela wayo ongaba khona ezinhlelweni zezezimali kanye nomnotho wamazwe. Ukusabalala okusheshayo kwempahla yedijithali, kanye nokungaziwa kwazo kanye nemvelo ehlukanisiwe, kubeka izinsongo ezikhungweni zezezimali zendabuko. Abalawuli bakhathazekile ngokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ama-cryptocurrencies asetshenziselwe imisebenzi engekho emthethweni, ukuphepha intela, nokukhwabanisa imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka okuphawulekayo kwamanani e-cryptocurrency kumele ingozi ekuzinzeni komnotho. Ekuphenduleni lezi zinselelo, amazwe amaningi athuthukisa imithetho emisha, ezama ukulinganisela izinto ezintsha nokuvikeleka ezimakethe zezimali.
Kuyini ubufakazi bokushiswa futhi kusetshenziswa kanjani?
Ubufakazi bokushisa (PoB) yindlela eyingqayizivele yokuvumelana esetshenziselwa izinhlelo ze-cryptocurrency ukuqinisekisa ukuthengiselana nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Ngokungafani nezindlela zendabuko ezifana nobufakazi bokusebenza, i-PoB idinga ukuthi abahlanganyeli "bashise" ingxenye yezimpawu zabo ngokuzithumela ekhelini elingafinyeleleki. Le nqubo isebenza njengobufakazi bokuzibophezela kwabo ekusekeleni inethiwekhi.I-PoB isiza ukunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwentengo futhi ikhuthaza ukubamba izinhlamvu zemali isikhathi eside, njengoba ukushisa izimpahla kunciphisa ukuhlinzekwa kwazo okuphelele, kwandisa inani lalezo ezisele. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo luthola ukuphepha okwengeziwe nokugqugquzela abahlanganyeli, ukuthuthukisa umnotho jikelele we-cryptocurrency.
Kuyini uketshezi esimweni cryptocurrencies?
I-Liquidity yikhono lokuthenga ngokushesha noma ukuthengisa impahla ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezibalulekile ngentengo yayo. Ezweni le-cryptocurrencies, uketshezi ludlala indima esemqoka ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza nokufinyeleleka kokuthengiselana. Ukuphakama kwe-liquidity emakethe, kulula ukuthola umthengi noma umthengisi ngentengo efiselekayo. On cryptocurrency Ukuhwebelana, liquidity incike ukuhweba ivolumu, inani abasebenzisi asebenzayo, futhi ezihlukahlukene etholakalayo currency ngazimbili. Ngaphandle kwe-liquidity eyanele, ukuhweba kuba yingozi njengoba ukuthengiselana okukhulu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu entengo.
Yiziphi i-solidcoins futhi kungani zibalulekile kwi-ecosystem ye-cryptocurrency?
Stablecoins kukhona cryptocurrencies ogama value kuboshelwe amafa esitebeleni, ezifana US dollar noma igolide. Ngokungafani nama-cryptocurrencies aguquguqukayo, anikeza ukuzinza nokubikezela, okwenza kube lula ukuthengiselana kwansuku zonke nokugcina inani. Ama-Stablecoins adlala indima esemqoka kwi-ecosystem ye-cryptocurrency ngokunciphisa izingozi kubasebenzisi nabatshalizimali. Benza lula ukudluliselwa okulula kwezimali ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kwentengo, okufaka isandla ekwamukelweni okukhulu kwe-cryptocurrencies emhlabeni wangempela.
Incwadi ye-oda isebenza kanjani ekuhwebeni kwe-cryptocurrency?
Incwadi ye-oda ingenye yamathuluzi abaluleke kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwe-cryptocurrency, okuvumela abahwebi ukuthi balandele ukuthenga kwamanje nokuthengisa ama-oda. Kubonisa ukuhlinzekwa kwangempela nokufunwa kwe-cryptocurrency, ukusiza ukubikezela ukuguquguquka kwentengo okungenzeka. Incwadi ye-oda ibonisa hhayi kuphela amanani kodwa futhi nemiqulu yama-oda abekwe ekushintshanisweni. Lokhu kunikeza ukuqonda ku-liquidity yemakethe namandla, kanye kusiza ukukhetha intengo efanele yokuhweba. Ukufundwa okufanele kwencwadi ye-oda kusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa futhi kunciphise izingozi.