What are atomic swaps and how do they work in cryptocurrencies?

Atomic swaps are a technology that allows users to exchange cryptocurrencies directly without intermediaries. These transactions occur based on smart contracts, which ensure that the exchange will only be completed if all conditions are met. For example, if one party does not fulfill their obligations, the transaction will not take place, and the funds will remain with the owners. This provides a high level of security and reduces the risk of fraud. Atomic swaps open up new opportunities for decentralized exchanges, improving liquidity and reducing transaction fees.